Slovo úvodem

PharmDr. Daniela Fialová, Ph.D.

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2013;27(1):3  

Evaluation of lifestyle of the general public in relation to cardiometabolic risk in metabolic syndrome - a pilot project

Daniela Mináriková, Hana Grešnerová, Peter Minárik, Ivona Malovecká, Viliam Foltán

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2013;27(1):6-10  

Objective of the study: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the acceptance of the commonly recommended rules for a healthy lifestyle among the general public. This should be part of the prevention of cardiometabolic risk in metabolic syndrome. Methods: A questionnaire survey of 100 respondents was carried out from January 2011 till March 2011. All the data from the respondents were processed using Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: Up to 90 % of the respondents consciously think about prevention, with 66 % of them making an effort to practise a healthy lifestyle; 53 % report regular physical activity; and 74 % consume fruit and vegetables...

Anticoagulant therapy in geriatric patients with atrial fibrillation

Veronika Slezáková, Zoltán Varga, Mária Potočárová, Michal Božík, Andrej Dukát, Ján Murín, Miriam Petrová, Martin Wawruch

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2013;27(1):13-17  

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the utilization of warfarin in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We assessed the prescription of anticoagulants in relation to risk factors for stroke. Methods: The utilization of antithrombotics was analyzed in 292 patients aged ≥ 65 years with a CHADS2 score ≥ 2 and without any contraindications for anticoagulant therapy. The patients were hospitalized at geriatric wards of three regional hospitals during a period from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2009. We compared the frequency of risk factors for stroke between users and non-users of warfarin. Results: Warfarin...

Appropriate choice of drugs and drug dosing in geriatric patients (Section I.), drug-disease interactions in the old age (Section II.)

Vhodnost volby léčiv a dávkovacích schémat u geriatrických pacientů (Oddíl I.);

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2013;27(1):18-28  

Explicit criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in old age belong to the fundamental instruments of rational prescribing in geriatric patients and have been widely used in computerized prescribing softwares, educational materials and epidemiological studies. In the past decades, many explicit criteria were published, particularly with a special focus to rational selection of drugs in geriatric patients, geriatric dosing, main drug-disease interactions and medications having substantial benefit in geriatric patients and often being underused. The explicit criteria published are always specific for the pharmaceutical market of...

Roflumilast and COPD

Pavel Turčáni

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2013;27(1):29-36  

The main pathological process that underlies chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a non-infectious inflammation. As a systemic inflammation, it not only affects the airways and lung parenchyma, but also gradually changes the patient's appearance and behaviour. The treatment of COPD with roflumilast, a selective phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor, is an example of phenotype-specific treatment and represents a major progress for the group of patients in whom it is indicated. Roflumilast affects the mechanisms of inflammation typical for COPD, improves lung function, and reduces the rate of prognostically significant exacerbations....

Medication errors in nursing practice

Pavlína Štrbová

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2013;27(1):37-41  

Medication error is an event that may lead to inappropriate medication use or may be its cause. It includes both mismanagement of drugs by health professionals and drug misuse by patients. Medication errors are classified according to the underlying causes, severity and time of onset. Although medication errors result in adverse events in only about 10%, they may have serious consequences. Nurses play an important role in the prevention and detection of medication errors. They usually make mistakes during the preparation and application of drugs. In terms of prevention, nurses' knowledge of appropriate dosage forms, routes of administration,...

Dyes used in medicinal products

Jana Kučerová, 2, Hana Kotolová3

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2013;27(1):41-47  

Nowadays, every medicinal product is a complex system of active substances and excipients. Dyes are excipients used to improve the aesthetic appearance of a drug, help identify the product in the production and distribution stages, serve as a signalling tool in the case of dispensing error, or help patients tell their medications apart. The permission to use dyes in the pharmaceutical industry is subject to a number of health tests and legislative measures. The article deals with toxicological assessment of synthetic dyes used in medicinal products permitted by a guideline of the State Institute for Drug Control. Given the multitude of available...

Successful bosentan treatment of fingertip ulcer in a patient with mixed connective tissue disease

Tomáš Soukup, Jiří Vlček, Jan Tomš, Marian Tošovský, Petr Bradna

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2013;27(1):48-50  

Vasculopathy is a frequent complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and many overlap syndromes with SSc, including mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). It manifests itself mainly by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and by the presence of digital ulcers (DUs). The treatment of both events is difficult and prolonged. We describe a case of a 31-year-old female with MCTD accompanied by PAH and DUs. The disease was characterized by Raynaud's phenomenon, pleurisy, pericarditis, Coombs' positive haemolytic anaemia, interstitial lung disease and positive autoantibodies against the nuclear antigen U1-RNP. She met the diagnostic criteria for...