Klin Farmakol Farm. 2004;18(3):138-141

Účinek rosiglitazonu je u modelů inzulinové rezistence a dyslipidémie modulován genetickým pozadím

Ondřej Šeda1,2, Drahomíra Křenová1, Vladimír Křen1, Ludmila Kazdová2
1 Ústav biologie a lékařské genetiky 1. LF UK a VFN, Praha
2 Oddělení metabolismu diabetu, Centrum experimentální medicíny, IKEM Praha

Keywords: pharmacogenetics, thiazolidinediones, congenic strains, Cd36/Fat.

Published: December 31, 2004  Show citation

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Šeda O, Křenová D, Křen V, Kazdová L. Účinek rosiglitazonu je u modelů inzulinové rezistence a dyslipidémie modulován genetickým pozadím. Klin Farmakol Farm. 2004;18(3):138-141.

Thiazolidindiony (TZD), ligandy nukleárního receptoru PPAR?, jsou v současné době hojně používány v terapii diabetu 2. typu a inzulinové rezistence. Přesný mechanizmus jejich účinku však ještě nebyl objasněn. Ukazuje se, že efekt terapie TZD a výskyt nežádoucích účinků (edémy, obezita, hepatotoxicita) je závislý mj. na genetické -dispozici- pacienta. Geneticky definované modely mohou právě v takových případech významně pomoci k identifikaci alel těch genů, které se zmíněné interakce účastní. Předmětem této studie bylo zjistit, existuje-li a případně, jak významná je farmakogenetická složka působení dnes široce používaného zástupce TZD (rosiglitazonu) na metabolické parametry a inzulinovou senzitivitu periferních tkání u dvou modelů dyslipidémie a inzulinové rezistence, polydaktylního kmene potkana PD/Cub a kongenního kmene BN.SHR4 a rovněž u -kontrolního- kmene BN/Cub, který spontánně tyto odchylky metabolizmu nevykazuje. Všechny tři kmeny vykázaly značně specifickou reakci na podání rosiglitazonu, shodný účinek byl pozorován jen u čtyřech sledovaných parametrů (snížení sérových koncentrací neesterifikovaných mastných kyselin společně s nezměněnou koncentrací celkového cholesterolu, obsahu cholesterolu v játrech a celkovou tělesnou hmotnost). Kmen BN.SHR4 se od ostatních dvou modelů odlišoval v největším množství případů, z čehož je patrné, že geny v diferenciálním úseku chromozomu 4 jsou do této farmakogenetické interakce silně zapojeny, ale rozhodně nejsou jejími jedinými protagonisty. Ačkoli nelze zjištěné vztahy přímo přenášet do oblasti lidské fyziologie, je jasné, že při terapii agonisty nukleárních receptorů obecně bude nezbytné zapojit do terapeutické rozvahy i farmakogenetické aspekty.

THE EFFECT OF ROSIGLITAZONE IS MODULATED BY THE GENETIC BACKGROUND IN MODELS OF DYSLIPIDEMIA AND INSULIN RESISTANCE

Thiazolidinediones (TZD), ligands of the nuclear receptor PPAR?, are currently widely used in therapy of type 2 diabetes and other insulin resistant conditions. The exact mechanism of their action still remains to be elucidated. It is becoming clear that the therapeutic effect of TZD and the occurrence of its side-effects (edema, obesity, hepatotoxicity) is dependent, among others, on the genetic dispositions of a patient. In such cases, the genetically defined models can significantly facilitate the identification of the alleles participating in the described interactions. The aim of this study was to determine if there is a pharmacogenetic component involved in action of a widely used TZD (rosiglitazone) on metabolic parameters and the insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues using two models of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, the polydactylous rat strain (PD/Cub) and a congenic rat strain BN.SHR4, as well as the -control- strain BN/Cub, which does not spontaneously show neither of the metabolic disturbances. All three strains displayed specific reactions to rosiglitazone administration, common effects were observed for four parameters only (reduction of non-esterified fatty acid levels, no change in serum and liver cholesterol levels and total body weight). The BN.SHR4 congenic strain showed most cases of unique reaction different from the other two strains, suggesting the genes present in its chromosome 4 differential segment to be substantially involved in the studied pharmacogenetic interaction, but not exclusively. Though it is not possible to translate the ascertained phenomena directly to human physiology, it is clear that pharmacogenetic aspects will have to be an integral part of any therapeutic procedures using nuclear receptor agonists in general.

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